قبائل الاحتجاج اللغوي في نصي الفارابي 339هـ والسيوطي 911هـ بين التنظير والتطبيق د. أنور بن محسن أحمد العزاني

Abstract The study aims to investigate the true nature of al-Fārābī’s text, examine this geographical delimitation of linguistic attestation, and identify the criterion upon which al-Fārābī based his acceptance of the language of certain tribes while excluding the language of others. It also examines al-Suyūṭī’s transmission of the text and assesses the accuracy with which he transmitted both the wording of al-Fārābī’s text and its intended significance. The study adopts a descriptive methodology based on analyzing al-Fārābī’s text, comparing it with the version transmitted by al-Suyūṭī, and examining the extent to which the geographical delimitation presented in the two texts accords with the established practices of grammarians and linguists concerning the sources of linguistic attestation. The study concludes that al-Fārābī did not intend to establish a theoretical foundation for the issue of linguistic attestation. Rather, he was discussing the linguistic characteristics of the inhabitants of the desert and urban areas, the extent to which linguistic usage had become established through custom, and those from whom the language of the Arab nation should be taken, in the course of his discussion of the scholarly efforts of the grammarians of Kūfa and Baṣra. The study also reveals a gap between the theoretical conception of the criterion for accepting the speech of particular Arab tribes—as presented by al-Suyūṭī—and the actual practices of grammarians as reflected in their works. Keywords: al-Fārābī; al-Suyūṭī; tribes accepted as linguistic authorities; linguistic attestation; al-samāʿ.

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