الأشخاص ذوو الإعاقة في الإسلام: إطار تحليلي للأسس الشرعية للرعاية والحقوق والتمكين الباحثة خديجة عبد الجليل خالد ناجي

Abstract This study aimed to develop an analytical framework for the Sharia-based foundations governing the care of persons with disabilities in Islam and to clarify their implications for their status, rights, empowerment, and participation in society in light of the Qur’an and the Prophetic Sunnah. The study employed an inductive-analytical approach by examining relevant Islamic texts concerning disability, excuses, ability, human dignity, and participation, and analyzing their implications through Qur’anic commentaries, Hadith commentaries, jurisprudential sources, and related studies, while relying on authentic and sound Hadiths. The study found that care in the Islamic conception is not based merely on compassion or temporary assistance; rather, it rests on three interconnected foundations: human dignity and its protection, mercy and social solidarity, and the removal of hardship, facilitation, and consideration of individual abilities and circumstances. These foundations are reflected in protecting persons with disabilities from ridicule, discrimination, and exclusion; considering their needs; providing opportunities for education, work, and participation; assigning roles according to their abilities; and safeguarding their fundamental rights. The analysis further showed that empowerment, participation, and protection of rights constitute practical outcomes of these foundations. Accordingly, the study recommends strengthening religious and educational discourse based on rights and empowerment, ensuring accurate use of Islamic evidence concerning disability, developing educational and social programs that accommodate individual differences and remove barriers to participation, and involving persons with disabilities in programs and issues concerning them. Keywords: Persons with Disabilities; Islam; Qur’an; Prophetic Sunnah; Human Dignity; Removal of Hardship; Empowerment; Rights.

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