Aspects of Agreement and Difference among Types of Fasting: A Comparative Jurisprudential Study 10.35781/1637-000-142-003

Abstract

Abstract This research, titled "Aspects of Agreement and Difference among Types of Fasting - A Comparative Jurisprudential Study", is significant because it clarifies the aspects of agreement and difference between the various types of the legally prescribed types of fasting. It explains the legal causes on which the Sharī‘ah bases the rulings that distinguish between them. The research aims to identify the types of the legally prescribed types of fasting, and to identify and compile the aspects of agreement and difference among them, and explain the rationale and wisdom behind these distinctions. The research employs an inductive, comparative, and descriptive analytical methodology. It divided into an introduction, a preliminary section, and four main sections. The preliminary section defines the aspects and meaning of fasting and its types. The first section addresses the aspects of agreement and difference between obligatory fasting and making up missed fasts. The second section focuses on the aspects of agreement and difference between Ramadan fasting and voluntary fasting. The third section examines the aspects of agreement and difference between Ramadan fasting and expiatory fasting. The fourth section explores the aspects of agreement and difference between Ramadan fasting and vowed fasting. The research concludes by summarizing the most important findings, including that the essence of fasting does not differ. The ruling on fasting differs, as obligatory fasting, making up missed fasts, vows, expiation fasting, and voluntary fasting are all of one essence and a specific description of abstaining from food, drink, and sexual intercourse from sunrise to sunset with the intention of fasting. The differences among them go back to their legal ruling (in terms of obligation or recommendation), the number of days and their timing, and the legal consequences that follow from this. Keywords: Aspects of Agreement and Difference, Fasting, Voluntary Fasting, Ramadan, expiatory fasting, vowed fasting