Imam Al-San'ani's Stance on the Issue of Divorce during Menstruation: An Analytical Jurisprudential Study in Light of the Book Subul Al-Salam 10.35781/1637-000-143-007

Abstract

Abstract This study examines the historical trajectory of philology as a research methodology that initially emerged within scientific contexts, before gradually evolving into an instrument of ideological utilization, particularly within the field of Orientalism. The research is driven by a central question: how did the philological method shift from being a scientific tool for textual analysis to a means of reinterpreting religious—especially Islamic—texts within an epistemological project shaped by ideological and intellectual underpinnings? The study aims to explore the philological method by tracing its conceptual foundations, origins, and historical development; analyzing its employment in Orientalist studies of Islamic texts within their broader historical and cultural contexts; and highlighting key figures who influenced this deployment. Furthermore, it offers a critical assessment of the validity and epistemological adequacy of this application in the study of Islam and its texts. The research addresses this problematic through a tripartite structure: first, by establishing the origins and evolution of the concept; second, by examining the mechanisms of its application in Orientalist discourse; and third, by critiquing its methodological and epistemological deviations. Methodologically, the study adopts a critical-analytical approach grounded in a historical reading of philology, comparative analysis of its applications across various religious contexts, and a philosophical and epistemological interrogation of its foundational assumptions. The research concludes that, despite its scientific origins, philology has undergone a functional redirection, becoming a central tool in the project of epistemic domination. This necessitates a deconstruction of such transformation and a critical examination of its impact on the understanding and interpretation of religious texts. Keywords: Philology – Orientalists – Research Methodologies – Islam – Ideology